A summary of our geophysical and consulting services

Geophysical Services:

The initial visit of the study area and the description of exploration services according to the type of mineral

Evaluating the potential of mines before any charging and exploration

Geoelectrical Exploration

Magnetometry Survey

GPR Exploration

Gravimetry Exploration

Systematic sampling of mineral sections and sample analysis

Preparing the exploration report

Preparation of topographic and geological maps at different scales

Exploratory excavations

Supervisor and Technical Director of Mines

Digitization of data in ArcGIS

Holding workshops for universities and educational institutions

Consulting Services:

Advice on buying mineral zones

Advice on obtaining exploratory loans

Marketing of mineral products

Advice on buying geophysical equipment

Geoelectrical Exploration

The IP/RS method, or the geoelectrical method, is used to explore sulfur minerals such as copper, lead, zinc, gold, as well as manganese, hematite and kaolin. Some minerals such as gold, molybdenum, and sometimes barite and magnesium are also indirectly explored by this method. In addition, the geoelectrical method is used in engineering geophysics studies to identify geological hazards such as landslide, mudflow, groundwater level, and the location of ancient aqueducts that are of particular importance in engineering projects.

In simple terms, this method sends voltage between 150 and 2400 volts to the ground and causes charging of special parts. However, non-mineral sections are not charged. By placing electrodes on the surface of the earth, it is possible to identify the charged areas of the explored sections, and after processing, two-dimensional and three-dimensional maps of different depths of the earth can be provided. Also, the specific electrical resistance parameter in both mineral and non-mineral facies is measured in this method.

The type and accuracy of the measuring device, the correct identification in locating electrodes, the experience of experts in field sampling, the up-to-date scientific knowledge of team experts, the accuracy of data mining and the ability to use special processing software are the most important factors in order to have best results.

Introduction of equipment used in geoelectrical method:

The group is equipped with the latest Canadian company, GDD's, IP & RS equipment. Among these equipment are the following:

1. TXIII Transmitter manufactured by GDD, 2011: This device with a power of 1800 watts, can send 150 to 2400 volts and up to 10 amps, very suitable for the driest areas.
2. GRX2 Receiver manufactured by GDD, 2011: This device receives information from three electrodes simultaneously.
3. Processing Device (PDA): Includes a small, advanced device that receives the data from receiver via Bluetooth or RS232 cable and stores data in numerical form after initial processing of it.
4. 2500 watts Coleman Petrol Generator manufactured in the USA
5. Electronic Switch Box System: In order to connect potential electrodes to the above system, instead of traditional methods, the new switch-box method is used. In this innovative way, human error and noises are minimized.
   This system is submitted as a patent and has received many awards.

Magnetometry Survey

The most important application of this method is to explore the magnetite type of iron mines. It is also used in the detection of salt domes and in scientific studies to detect geological lines such as faults.

In short, in this method the Earth's magnetic field is measured with the precision of the nanoscale. Minerals with magnetic properties affect the magnetic field of the planet. By measuring the amount of variation in the intensity of the earth's magnetic field, one can find the depth and location of the mineral matter.

The type and accuracy of the measuring device, the correct identification in measuring intervals, the experience of experts in field sampling, the up-to-date scientific knowledge of team experts, the accuracy of data mining and the ability to use special processing software are the most important factors in order to have best results.

Introduction of equipment used in magnetometric method:

The Magnetometry equipment includes a GPS-based magnetometer (model:GSM 19T) manufactured by the GEM System, Canada. This equipment has a precision of 0.01 Nano Tesla.

A vector magnetometer manufactured by American company Trifield is also used to record daily changes.

Also, Oasis Montaj is used as the main software for processing and drawing maps.

GPR Exploration

One of the newest geophysical methods, which today is widely used in many fields of mining exploration, is the "ground penetrating radar" method. The word radar also stands for Radio Detection And Ranging. The radar has several types.

The most important uses of GPR are:

1. In engineering geophysics, studying of the site of a dam, finding the location of the buried canals and tunnels, determining the position of probable subsidence in the road and railroad tracks, etc.
2. The environment, determining the water table and mapping contaminated areas
3. Geology and exploration of shallow mines, determining the thickness of surface soils and thickness of alluvium, determining the thickness of ice.
4. Other uses like archaeological and military studies

In this method, electromagnetic waves with different frequencies are sent to the earth and the received reflections of these waves will be analyzed. Different frequencies are produced, distributed, and received by antennas. The depth of penetration of this wave is low and depends on the electrical conductivity of the earth and the frequency used. 

In general, the greater the electrical conductivity of the earth is (such as in shale and clay environments), the lower the depth of penetration will be, and the less the electrical conductivity of the earth is (such as in calcareous and dry environments), the depth of penetration will be greater. Also, the higher the frequency is, the lower the penetration depth will be.

When the electromagnetic pulse emitted from the antenna hits an electrical discontinuity, a part of it will be absorbed and the rest of it will be reflected. This is due to the change in the electromagnetic impedance in the intersection. The amount of reflected and transmitted energy, as well as the amount of lost energy, depends on the electrical properties of the material on both sides of the intersection. If we calculate the sweep time of the electromagnetic wave, which is emitted from the transmitter's antenna and then is reflected from the reflective mass to the receiver antenna, we can determine the depth of the target mass. This is possible if the electromagnetic pulse rate is specified in the environment. 

GPR antennas do not emit only a single pulse. They emulate a number of specific pulses at specified intervals, usually between 2 and 50 μs.

Sampling in the GPR method is related to the sampling time interval between the two successive pulses.

In addition to the frequency of the antenna, other important parameters in the sampling include the time interval, distance between the stations, the position of the sampling profiles, the selection of sampling distances on the recorded waveform. This parameter is controlled by the Nyquist theory. According to this theory, the frequency of sampling should be at least 10 times grater than the initial frequency of the antenna.

Gravimetry Exploration

In this method gravity acceleration is measured by a gravimetric device with a high accuracy of 0.001 milligals. In short, according to Newton's law, the mass produces more gravitational force, so by measuring the gravity of the Earth on a regular basis, a map of gravity variations can be found within the range. 

According to this map, areas with higher gravity field are denser, and the density in areas with lower gravity field is lower.

Using this method, minerals with high density, such as chromite, baryte and hematite as well as low-density minerals such as salt domes, potash minerals and picromerit can be discovered. Holes like natural karsts and caves can also be discovered by this method.

Gravimeter devices are very sensitive and expensive. TESLA Explorer Specialized Engineering Group is ready to provide services with a experienced team equipped with a CG5 gravimeter, manufactured by SCINTREX Canada.